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Patient Education · Evidence-Based Spine Surgery

Spine surgery guides.
Written for patients.

Every article is peer-reviewed, evidence-based, and written by Dr. Rodrigo Ávila Cervantes.

29articles · 776PubMed references · 6new · —visits

Innovation 1

Artificial intelligence in spine surgery: what has changed, and what comes next

Revision Spine Surgery 7

Revision spine surgery: why surgery fails and when another one helps

Adjacent segment disease: what it is and when it requires surgery

When ACDF goes wrong: complications, reoperation, and prognosis

When cervical disc arthroplasty goes wrong: complications, reoperation, and prognosis

Recurrent lumbar disc herniation: 10 questions every patient should ask

Lumbar restenosis after decompression: 10 questions every patient should ask

Failed back surgery syndrome: why it still hurts after spine surgery

Pseudarthrosis: when a spinal fusion doesn't heal

Epidural fibrosis: when scar tissue becomes the problem

Spinal Emergencies 1

Cauda equina syndrome: the surgical emergency that cannot wait

Lumbar Conditions 6

Degenerative spondylolisthesis: 10 questions every patient should ask

Lumbar disc herniation: 10 things to know before surgery

Lumbar spinal stenosis: 10 things you should know

Low back pain and sciatica: when to see a specialist

Vertebral compression fractures and osteoporosis: 11 key questions

Primary spinal tumors in adults: 11 questions

Cervical & Thoracic Conditions 2

Cervical disc herniation: what to know before surgery

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy: what you should know

Surgical Techniques 5

Microsurgery in spine surgery: what it means and why it matters

Minimally invasive vs open spine surgery: what the evidence says

MIS-TLIF: minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion

Interspinous process devices: what the evidence actually shows

Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM)

Diagnosis & Conservative Treatment 2

How to read your spine imaging: what the report really means

Conservative treatment for spine pain: what works, what doesn't, and what carries risk

Facet joint rhizotomy and injections: 10 questions every patient should ask

Preparation & Recovery 3

How to prepare for spine surgery: before, during, and when you get home

Surgical site infection in spine surgery: 10 questions

Rehabilitation after spine surgery: why it matters

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